Tag: dog breeds

Behind the Breed: Basenji

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A brown and white Basenji dog sitting on a stone ledge in the sun.

Have you ever wondered about the origins of a dog breed? In our “Behind the Breed” series, we’ll dive into the history, personality and physical appearance of a particular breed. We’ll also cover some of the FAQs about the breed and maybe some fun facts, too!

Basenji dogs may be small, but they have a personality that is hard to miss. Often called Africa’s barkless dog, the basenji is an alert, energetic and intelligent breed known for its tightly curled tail, upright ears, wrinkled forehead and curious nature.

The breed is sometimes described as cat-like because they are clean, independent and often particular about their surroundings. They can be affectionate with their people, cautious around strangers and quick to chase something that catches their eye. For the right family, they can be a playful, loyal and entertaining companion.

The History of the Basenji Dog Breed

The basenji is an ancient breed with roots in Central Africa, particularly the Congo region. These dogs were originally valued as hunting dogs because of their speed, agility, alertness and ability to work quietly. Their name is often connected to dogs used by local hunters, and the breed’s reputation as a sweet-faced hunter still fits the way many people see them today.

Just like the shiba inu, basenji dogs are classified as a basal breed, meaning they predate modern dog breeds. Today, they are recognized by the American Kennel Club as part of the hound group.

Why Is the Basenji Called a Barkless Dog?

The basenji is famous for being a barkless dog, but that does not mean the breed is silent. Instead of a typical bark, they are known for their unique yodel or chortle. Many owners describe the sound as one of the breed’s most memorable traits.

Because these dogs were used to hunt, their quieter nature may have been useful in the field. Still, a basenji left to its own devices can make noise in other ways, especially if bored, lonely or looking for attention.

Basenji Temperament and Personality

The basenji temperament is often described as smart, alert, playful, independent and energetic. Basenjis can be affectionate with family members, but they may be more reserved with strangers. Early socialization can help basenji puppies grow into more confident, well-behaved adult dogs.

This breed tends to think for itself. That independence can be fun, but it can also make training more challenging than with some other breeds. Basenjis may not respond well to long, repetitive training sessions. Short lessons, patience and positive reinforcement usually work best.

Because basenjis were bred to hunt, they may have a strong instinct to chase. Families with cats or other dogs should introduce pets carefully and supervise interactions. Some basenjis live well with cats and other dogs, especially when raised with them, but every dog is different.

Basenji Size, Colors and Appearance

Basenji size is one of the reasons the breed appeals to people who want an athletic dog in a smaller package. Males are typically slightly larger than females. Adult males are often about 17 inches tall and around 24 pounds, while females are usually about 16 inches tall and around 22 pounds.

A basenji’s ears are upright and alert, and their ears help give the breed its sharp, curious expression. The breed’s tightly curled tail, clean lines and light, athletic build make it stand out from many other breeds.

The basenji has a short, smooth coat that is easy to recognize. Common colors include chestnut red, pure black, tricolor and brindle. A brindle color pattern includes dark striping over a lighter base color. Many also have white feet, a white chest, white markings or a white tail tip. Black, tan and white markings may also appear in tricolor dogs.

Grooming a Basenji

Basenjis are short-haired dogs, so grooming is usually simple. Their coat can often be maintained with occasional brushing using a soft-bristle brush. Regular brushing can help remove loose hair and keep the coat looking healthy. Owners should also trim nails, check ears and keep up with dental care. Like all dogs, basenjis benefit from regular veterinary care and a consistent grooming routine.

Basenji Exercise Needs and Activities

Basenjis have moderate to high exercise needs. These dogs enjoy movement, exploration and play. A daily walk is helpful, but many basenjis also need time to run, play fetch or work through activities that challenge their minds. Because they are quick and agile, basenjis can do well in dog sports like agility and lure coursing. Lure coursing is especially fitting for basenjis because it gives them a safe way to use their natural chasing instinct.

A well fenced yard can be helpful, but owners should not assume a basenji will stay put just because a fence is present. Basenjis are curious, athletic and clever. They may look for openings or try to follow something interesting. Some owners find that two basenjis can keep each other company, but adding another dog should always be considered carefully. Like any breed, basenjis need structure, supervision and training.

Basenji Lifespan and Health

The basenji lifespan is typically around 13 to 14 years. Many basenjis live active, healthy lives, but the breed can be associated with certain inherited health conditions. Fanconi syndrome is one condition sometimes discussed with basenjis. It affects the kidneys and can interfere with how the body handles nutrients and glucose. Progressive retinal atrophy is another condition that can affect vision in dogs. Responsible breeders may use genetic testing and health screening to help reduce the risk of passing certain conditions to puppies. Owners should talk with a vet about any breed-specific concerns, especially if their basenji has changes in thirst, urination, weight, appetite, vision or energy level.

What Should Basenjis Eat?

Basenjis need complete and balanced dog food that supports their age, weight, activity level and overall health. Basenji puppies, adult dogs and senior dogs all have different nutrition needs, so it is important to choose food that fits their life stage. Because basenjis are active, their diet should provide the nutrients they need to support daily energy, lean muscle and overall wellness. Owners should follow feeding guidelines as a starting point, then adjust based on body condition and guidance from their veterinarian.

Is a Basenji Right for You?

Basenjis are not the right fit for every household, but they can be wonderful pets for people who understand the breed. They are intelligent, active and independent dogs that need exercise, enrichment, training and patience.

A basenji may be a good match if you want a clean, clever and playful companion with a long history and a one-of-a-kind personality. With their curled tail, alert expression and famous yodel, basenjis continue to stand out in the dog world.

Behind the Breed: Boston Terrier

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A close-up of a brown and white Boston terrier lying on a wooden deck outside on a sunny day.

Have you ever wondered about the origins of a dog breed? In our “Behind the Breed” series we’ll dive into the history, personality and physical appearance of a particular breed. We’ll also cover some of the FAQs about the breed and maybe some fun facts, too!

Boston terriers are small dogs with big personalities, known for their tuxedo coats and friendly, playful nature. Originating in the United States, the Boston terrier is often called the “American Gentleman” and is a popular choice for families seeking an affectionate, manageable companion. 

Boston Terriers Differ from Other Terrier Types

Terriers are a diverse group of dogs originally bred for work such as hunting and ratting contests. While many terriers retain strong prey drive and high energy, the Boston terrier stands apart. Developed as a companion rather than a working terrier, the Boston terrier was bred for close interaction with humans.

Boston Terrier Colors

The Boston terrier is easily recognized by its distinctive black-and-white appearance, which is why it’s commonly referred to as the “tuxedo dog.” While many people associate the breed with that classic look, Boston terrier colors are more varied. The American Kennel Club recognizes black, brindle and seal coats, each paired with white markings on the chest, face and sometimes the tail and legs.

These coat colors, combined with expressive eyes, a compact head, short muzzle and smooth coat, give Boston terriers their polished appearance. Their erect ears and balanced shape reflect the breed standard.

Boston Terrier Temperament

Boston terriers are known for their friendly, intelligent and happy-go-lucky personality. These dogs are highly people-oriented, generally eager to please and quick to form strong bonds with their owners. Their affectionate nature makes them well suited for households with children and, when properly socialized, other family pets.

Consistent training and regular mental stimulation help prevent undesirable behaviors. While Boston terriers are not excessive barkers, structured training sessions and positive reinforcement support good manners and help maintain their reputation for impeccable manners.

Boston Terrier Size

Boston terriers are considered small dogs, typically weighing between 12 and 25 pounds, depending on the individual dog’s weight and build. Their small size, sturdy shape and muscular frame make them adaptable to many living environments, from apartments to larger homes.

Despite being little dogs, Boston terriers still require daily activity. Regular walks, playtime and appropriate exercise help maintain physical health without overexertion.

Do Boston Terriers Shed?

Boston terriers have short, smooth coats that shed a fair amount year-round, though less than many other dogs. Routine grooming and good brushing habits help manage loose hair and support healthy skin.

Though no dog is completely hypoallergenic, Boston terriers are often manageable for families concerned about shedding. A balanced diet with necessary nutrients and high-quality dog food can also support coat condition.

Boston Terrier Puppies and Care

Boston terrier puppies benefit from early socialization, consistent routines and enrollment in puppy training classes. Starting training early helps puppies develop good habits and grow into well-adjusted adult dogs.

Like many breeds, Boston terriers can be prone to specific health issues, including patellar luxation (sometimes called a trick knee), eye conditions and other potential health problems. Regular care, routine veterinary visits and monitoring for signs of discomfort support long-term health.

How Long Do Boston Terriers Live?

The typical Boston terrier lifespan is 11 to 13 years, though many dogs live longer with attentive care. Proper nutrition, regular exercise, routine visits to a veterinarian and access to fresh water all contribute to a healthy life.

Because Boston terriers are classified as brachycephalic dogs, meaning they have shortened muzzles, they can be prone to breathing challenges and heat sensitivity. Monitoring activity in warm weather and consulting a vet about individual health concerns helps support long-term wellness.

Other Breeds Similar to the Boston Terrier Breed

Pugs share similarities with Boston terriers in their compact size, affectionate personality and adaptability to indoor living. French bulldogs are also comparable to Boston terriers in their friendly temperament and suitability for family life.

These similarities explain why Boston terriers are often compared to other short-nosed breeds such as the English bulldog and even the boxer, which played a role in the breed’s early development.

Boston terriers bring energy, affection and charm into homes in a very manageable package. With the right care, nutrition and daily interaction, they thrive as loyal companions. Understanding the breed’s characteristics helps owners support a happy, healthy life for their Boston terrier.

Behind the Breed: Pugs

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A close-up of a black and tan pug dog standing out in the sun in green grass.

Have you ever wondered about the origins of a dog breed? In our “Behind the Breed” series, we dive into the history, personality and physical appearance of a particular breed. We’ll also cover some of the FAQs about the breed and maybe a few fun facts, too!

With their wrinkled face, curly tail and big eyes, pugs are among one of the world’s most recognizable dog breeds. These small, affectionate dogs have a rich history as loyal companions to Chinese emperors and members of royal families across Europe. Today, this ancient breed remains a favorite pet for families thanks to their loving nature, playful character and unmistakable charm. 

Pugs: A Royal Dog Breed

The pug dog’s story began in ancient China, where emperors adored them for their calm temperament and loyal nature. Centuries later, Dutch traders brought the pug to Europe, where it became the official dog of the House of Orange in Holland, and a favorite breed of Queen Victoria in the United Kingdom. Whether living in a palace or a city apartment, pugs bring the same joy today that they once offered royalty. 

Pug Temperament and Personality

Pugs are affectionate, loyal and endlessly playful. Their friendly temperament makes them wonderful companions for children, adults and other pets. Often called “shadows,” they love staying close to their people and are great family dogs.

These toy dogs are known for their sense of humor and their love of attention. They’re social, curious and adaptable, thriving equally well in apartments or larger homes. Pugs are eager to please but can be stubborn, so gentle consistency works best. They are easy to train when rewarded with praise, patience and treats. Because they are a brachycephalic breed and can have trouble breathing (more on that later), they only need short daily walks or indoor play sessions to meet their exercise needs.

Pug Colors and Grooming Requirements

A pug’s coat can come in several shades. The most common colors are fawn and black, though apricot fawn and silver coats also appear. Fawn pugs have a tan body with a black mask and floppy ears, while black pugs have a glossy coat that highlights their expressive eyes and distinctive wrinkles.

The skin folds and wrinkles of pugs require special care. Moisture trapped in these areas can lead to skin problems, so it’s important to gently clean them after meals or playtime. Many pet parents use grooming as a bonding routine that keeps their pug relaxed while promoting healthy skin.

Do Pugs Shed?

Yes, pugs shed quite a bit. Though their coat is short and smooth, their double coat releases fur year-round, with heavier shedding during warm weather and humid seasons. Regular grooming with a soft brush or grooming mitt helps remove loose hair and keeps their coat in great condition. Regular grooming also gives owners a chance to check for skin allergies, eye irritation or other health issues early. 

Common Pug Health Problems

Like shih tzus, Boston terriers and French bulldogs, pugs are a brachycephalic breed; their short muzzle and flat face can cause breathing issues and make it difficult to get enough oxygen in warm or humid weather. Their facial structure can lead to snoring, loud breathing and make them more susceptible to severe symptoms from respiratory infections like kennel cough. Pug owners should limit outdoor activity during hot weather to prevent overheating.

Other breed health concerns include obesity, eye injuries, hip dysplasia, allergic skin disease, back problems and dental issues. Routine vet visits, careful weight management and high-quality dog food can help reduce risks. 

How Long Do Pugs Live?

The average pug lifespan is around 12 to 15 years, though their life expectancy depends on diet, exercise, environment and genetics. With proper care, many pet pugs enjoy long, healthy lives. Watching for early signs of health problems, such as obesity, breathing issues or hip dysplasia, helps prevent larger issues later. 

What Is the Typical Pug Weight Range? 

Most adult pugs weigh between 14 and 18 pounds. Their compact, muscular build and broad chest give them a sturdy appearance, but it’s easy for them to gain weight quickly. Short, gentle walks are enough to meet a pug’s exercise needs. These small dogs do not require vigorous activity, but consistent movement keeps their muscles strong and their weight stable.

Keeping a pug at a healthy weight helps prevent obesity-related conditions such as joint strain, heart disease and breathing difficulties. Pug owners should feed measured portions, avoid excess treats and schedule regular walks. A veterinarian can recommend portion sizes for the dog’s age and activity level. Because pugs are small dogs with big appetites, owners should watch weight gain and adjust feeding as needed. 

Are Pugs Smart?

Pugs are intelligent, curious and emotionally aware. They’re eager to please and respond well to short, positive training sessions. Pugs may show occasional stubbornness, and they need mental stimulation (e.g., puzzle feeders) and playtime to help prevent boredom.

Their intelligence shines in their ability to read human emotions, an important reason they’re such loyal companions. With training and structure, they develop confidence, focus and strong character.

Pug Puppies and Training

Pug puppies are lively, curious and playful. Training from an early age helps a pug puppy grow into a well-behaved companion. Positive reinforcement works best, as these puppies are affectionate and eager to please. Socializing pug puppies with children, other dogs and new experiences builds confidence and reduces stubborn behavior. Gentle crate training and daily leash walks teach good habits. 

Is a Pug the Right Breed for You? 

From ancient palaces to modern family homes, the pug breed remains a true companion. Their gentle temperament, playful character and loyal hearts make them ideal for families, singles and seniors alike. Pugs are affectionate, adaptable and endlessly endearing, a perfect reminder that sometimes the best things really do come in small, curly-tailed packages.

Behind the Breed: Miniature Schnauzer

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A close-up of a black, gray and white miniature schnauzer lying on a wooden dock near water.

With their vibrant personalities, eagerness to please and distinctive beards, miniature schnauzers are a popular breed. They’re adorable, sure, but they also possess an outgoing personality and unwavering loyalty, making them an excellent pet for families. Let’s take a closer look at miniature schnauzers.

Physical Characteristics of the Miniature Schnauzer Dog Breed

The miniature schnauzer is a small, muscular dog that is part of the terrier group. They have a wiry coat that comes in three color patterns: salt and pepper, black and silver, and solid black. Like the standard schnauzer, their distinctive eyebrows and long, bushy beards give them an “old man” look. 

Fun Fact: Schnauzer is derived from the German word “schnauze,” which means snout or muzzle. It can also mean “mustache” or “whiskered snout.”

How Big Do Miniature Schnauzers Get?

Miniature schnauzers grow up to 14 inches tall and weigh up to 20 pounds. These dogs are robust and agile, characterized by a well-developed muscular frame. 

Miniature Schnauzer Personality Traits: Smart, Spirited and Charming

Miniature schnauzers are playful little dogs with big personalities packed into their small frames. Known for their intelligence and eagerness to please, they are highly trainable and quick to pick up commands, making them a favorite among dog owners who enjoy teaching tricks or participating in obedience activities. These smart, friendly pups are not only obedient but also full of charm and energy, always ready to play or cuddle. 

They are very affectionate and good with young children, making them a great fit for family life. Just note that they can become snappy when nervous and can be aggressive toward other small animals. Their alert nature and lively disposition make them delightful companions who bring joy and loyalty into any home.

Training Miniature Schnauzer Puppies

Miniature schnauzer puppies are intelligent and energetic, making early training essential for both their behavior and well-being. Consistent training sessions not only teach basic commands but also provide crucial mental stimulation, which helps prevent boredom and destructive behavior. Owners need to introduce their puppies to walking on a leash early on, using positive reinforcement to encourage good habits. With patience and structure, mini schnauzer puppies can grow into well-mannered companions who respond well to their owners and enjoy the learning process.

Do Mini Schnauzers Shed?

The wiry coat of the miniature schnauzer sheds very little, making them a “hypoallergenic breed” (no breed is truly hypoallergenic) due to their low-shedding nature and double coat. However, excessive shedding can occur if there are underlying health issues. Frequent brushing can help remove loose hair from their coat. 

Their hair can grow long, reaching lengths of 4 to 5 inches. Like other dogs with long hair, it’s a good idea to visit a professional groomer to prevent fur tangling and matting. Regular grooming every six weeks will help keep a miniature schnauzer’s coat healthy and shiny. 

How Long Do Mini Schnauzers Live?

The life expectancy of a miniature schnauzer is normally 12 to 15 years. But just like other breeds, there are several factors that can affect their longevity, such as diet, exercise, genetics and regular veterinary care. Miniature schnauzers are generally healthy dogs, but they can be prone to certain health concerns, such as pancreatitis, urinary stones and cataracts. Make sure to consult your veterinarian if your mini schnauzer is experiencing any problems. 

Some dogs are prone to becoming overweight, so watch their calorie consumption. Excess weight can lead to health problems that may affect your mini schnauzer’s life expectancy. 

What Were Miniature Schnauzers Bred For?

Miniature schnauzers were originally bred in Germany in the late 19th century as all-round farm dogs, specifically for vermin control. They were developed by crossing the standard schnauzer with smaller breeds like the poodle to create a smaller, more agile dog that could effectively hunt and eliminate rats and other pests around farms and homes. Founded in 1933, the American Miniature Schnauzer Club serves as the official parent club for miniature schnauzers as recognized by the American Kennel Club. Other schnauzer breeds include the standard schnauzer and the giant schnauzer.

Today, the breed makes a wonderful family pet, and the same traits that once made them skilled at vermin control now make them excellent watchdogs. Their naturally alert and attentive nature helps them quickly detect anything unusual, often using their bark to alert owners to unfamiliar people or unusual sounds. This vigilance makes them reliable guardians of both the home and small children.

Adaptable and Loyal Miniature Schnauzers

Miniature schnauzers are small enough to accommodate city apartment life, but also have the stamina to run in large fenced areas. Similar to other similar small, gentle breeds, like the Yorkshire terrier and Cavalier King Charles spaniel, their size makes them easier to manage for families or individuals who prefer a smaller companion, making them an ideal choice for those seeking a loyal best friend.

Behind the Breed: Shih Tzu

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A close-up of a tan and white shih tzu sitting on a bed.

Have you ever wondered about the origins of a dog breed? In our “Behind the Breed” series we’ll dive into the history, personality and physical appearance of a particular breed. We’ll also cover some of the FAQs about the breed and maybe some fun facts, too!

If there’s one thing this breed is known for, it’s the pronunciation of its name. But beyond that shih tzus (pronounced sheed-zoo) are also known for their friendly, happy personalities and their perfect fit for a lapdog lifestyle.

Originating in China, the name shih tzu means “lion dog” — you can probably see why. They are thought to be bred from Lhasa apso and Pekingese crosses, and are considered one of the oldest dog breeds. Kept hidden in China for centuries, shih tzus became an American Kennel Club recognized breed in 1969, and they remain a popular lapdog breed today.

Shih Tzu Temperament

What these tiny dogs lack in size, they make up for in personality. These cheerful dogs are affectionate extroverts who love spending time with their humans. Shih tzus are wonderful playmates for children (supervision of young children is still recommended) and are friendly towards other pets, including cats.

However, if you’re away from home a lot and don’t plan on taking your shih tzu with you, they may not be the best breed for you. Shih tzu dogs are prone to separation anxiety if their pet parents leave them alone for long periods. Early socialization and training of a shih tzu puppy can help reduce the development of separation anxiety and avoid excessive barking while you’re out of the house.

Shih Tzu Size

Just like Pomeranians and Yorkshire terriers, shih tzus are a toy breed. They typically grow to, at the most, 11 inches and 16 pounds. Their little legs don’t need much exercise — just a 30-minute walk or an energetic playtime at home is all they typically need to stay fit and healthy. This makes them great for apartment living or for families with small backyards. Shih tzu owners find that they’re about average in regards to training ease, requiring positive reinforcement for a successful training session. Shih tzus don’t have an excessive need for mental stimulation.

Do Shih Tzus Shed?

Shih tzus don’t shed much and are generally easy to take care of. However, their long smooth coat does require regular brushing as it easily mats. Regular shih tzu haircuts are needed, especially to keep the hair out of their eyes. If you’re looking for an easier grooming experience, you can ask your groomer for a puppy cut, which will make all of their hair the same length. A shih tzu’s coat can come in a variety of colors, including blue, liver, silver, red, gold, black, brindle and combinations of these colors with white.

Are Shih Tzus Hypoallergenic?

Shih tzus are a low-shed breed. However, there are no breeds that are 100% hypoallergenic (including hairless breeds). This is because the proteins that cause allergies in people are found in the urine and saliva of dogs as well as their dander (dead skin cells). Generally, low-shed breeds cause fewer reactions because allergens in the dander aren’t spread into the environment as much. But it is still possible for people to be allergic to shih tzus.

Shih Tzu Health Issues

Just like pugs and French bulldogs, shih tzus are a brachycephalic breed, which means their facial features can make it harder for them to breathe when they’re hot, after exercise, while swimming and if they’re stressed. They may not be allowed to fly, especially in the cargo hold. So check the airline’s requirements before planning a flight with your shih tzu.

Shih tzus are generally a healthy breed but can be more prone to kidney stone development than other breeds. Other common health issues include eye problems, hip dysplasia, ear infections, dental disease and obesity. The shih tzu life span varies, but they can live up to 18 years.

Are Shih Tzus the Dog Breed for You?

Potential pet parents seeking a cute companion breed with a sweet disposition, shouldn’t overlook the little lion dog. Shih tzus are friendly, intelligent dogs that make a loyal and playful lapdog.

Behind the Breed: Pomeranian

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A close-up of a brown and tan pomeranian dog.

Have you ever wondered about the origins of a dog breed? In our “Behind the Breed” series we’ll dive into the history, personality and physical appearance of a particular breed. We’ll also cover some of the FAQs about the breed and maybe some fun facts, too!

Known for their super-fluffy double coats and their teeny, tiny bodies, Pomeranians are a popular dog breed with a history that traces back to arctic sled dogs. They also aren’t afraid to stand up to other dogs twice (or ten times) their size!

What Is the Pomeranian Personality Like?

Much like dachshunds, these highly intelligent little dogs often don’t see themselves as little. Despite their small size, they project a self-assured attitude that rivals any large dog. They love to snuggle and play with their families, excel as loyal companion dogs and, in most cases, don’t require much exercise beyond a good play session. Keep in mind that they like to tell the world their opinion, making regular barking a given with Pomeranians. Like any dog, socialization and training is important, ideally as a puppy, so they don’t develop bad behaviors like excessive barking or separation anxiety.

Pomeranians, like huskies, pugs and others, naturally carry their tails straight up or curled over their backs. A straight-up tail position or one that’s curved over the back can be a sign of aggression, dominance or defense in dogs, so to know how your Pom is feeling, make sure you take in other social clues like if they are stiff, tense or their lips are pulled back.

Where Do Pomeranians Come From?

Pomeranian ancestors can be traced back to a group of dogs called spitz sled dogs from northeast Europe — which helps explain their fluffy double coat. These Pom ancestors were much larger than the Pomeranians of today, weighing in at around 30 pounds. Queen Victoria is said to have been responsible for breeding them to their current smaller size. They were recognized as a breed by the American Kennel Club in 1888.

Pomeranian Dog Size

As one of the smallest dogs in the world, Pomeranians typically grow to just 7 inches tall. Smaller Pomeranians can weigh just 3 pounds and the breed usually maxes out at 7 pounds. That’s one tiny breed! Their toy dog size can make them vulnerable to being snatched up by a bird of prey or being hurt by a playful larger dog. So always watch a Pomeranian closely when they’re outdoors or playing with other pets. You should supervise young children around any dog, but, particularly with toy dogs like Pomeranians, it’s important to make sure children understand how to be gentle with them.

Do Pomeranians Shed?

Pomeranians shed their undercoats year round, but will have heavier sheds in the spring and fall as their summer/winter coats are transitioning. Brushing them regularly will help remove their fluffy undercoat and allow air to circulate near their skin, which is one of their natural cooling mechanisms. Helping your dog shed their undercoat can also help the skin stay drier, which in turn can help prevent skin complications from insect bites and hot spots.

Regular (perhaps daily) brushing of Pomeranians is needed to keep their fur fluffy and clean. Taking them to a professional groomer to have their coat cut shorter (but never shaved) can help with coat management. The Pomeranian coat comes in a variety of colors, including sable, brindle, merle, white, black, blue, chocolate, cream, orange, red and tri-colored, as well as many combinations and patterns of these colors.

Pomeranian Lifespan and Health Issues

Like other small-breed dogs, Pomeranians have a relatively long lifespan of around 12 to 16 years. While they are typically healthy little dogs, they are prone to some health conditions, including eye problems (e.g., dry eye, cataracts, corneal ulcers), collapsing trachea (which causes difficulty breathing), dental disease, seizures and kneecap issues (patellar luxation). Responsible breeders will screen for these health problems, though.

Are Small Breeds Right for You?

If you’re looking for an affectionate small dog with an active nature, Pomeranians may be a good option. With the personality of a much larger dog, these lively dogs are comfortable in most homes. However, if you’re looking for a toy dog to be your purse buddy like a Chihuahua or shih tzu, these energetic pups may not be the right fit for you.

Behind the Breed: Cavalier King Charles Spaniel

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A close-up of a brown and white Cavalier King Charles Spaniel lying on a white couch.

Have you ever wondered about the origins of a dog breed? In our “Behind the Breed” series we’ll dive into the history, personality and physical appearance of a particular breed. We’ll also cover some of the FAQs about the breed and maybe some fun facts, too!

If you’re searching for a loving and affectionate canine companion, we may have just the pup for you! The Cavalier King Charles spaniel is a gentle and intelligent toy breed that can be a perfect match for first-time dog owners and families. Similar to other spaniel breeds like the cocker spaniel and the Boykin spaniel, these lovable little dogs are playful, active and great with kids and other animals.

Cavalier King Charles Spaniel History

Also referred to as Cavaliers, this friendly little breed can trace its roots back to British royalty in the 17th century. King Charles I and his son Charles II adored these little lap dogs and were rarely ever seen without them. The king and his son were often spotted taking them to Parliament, according to the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Club. Supporters for King Charles I were known as “Cavaliers” — thus the Cavalier King Charles name was born.

King Charles Spaniel vs. Cavalier King Charles Spaniel

You may not be aware, but there are a few subtle differences between a King Charles spaniel and a Cavalier King Charles spaniel. For starters, the King Charles spaniel, also known as the English toy spaniel, is a smaller breed that’s often known for its shorter nose and overall smaller stature compared to the Cavalier. King Charles spaniels also tend to be more of a calm, indoor breed, while Cavaliers are more energetic and can be found engaging in outdoor activities and even sports.

Cavalier King Charles Temperament

The Cavalier breed is famous for its friendly and loyal temperament. They have a very gentle nature and are known for being tolerant and patient with other pets and young children — making them a perfect fit for families and first-time dog owners. While they were initially bred to be lapdogs, Cavaliers are descendants of sporting dogs and enjoy moderate exercise, outdoor activities and canine sports. They adore human interaction and can do just as well with active owners as with less active homebodies looking for a quiet companion.

Are Cavalier King Charles Spaniels Smart?

Yes! Nearly all Cavaliers are eager to please and relatively easy to train when compared to other breeds. They tend to excel at obedience training and their gentle temperament makes it easy for them to socialize with other dogs.

Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Size

Often considered a toy dog or toy breed, Cavalier King Charles spaniels have always been bred as a smaller breed. According to the American Kennel Club, Cavaliers typically grow to 12–13 inches in height and weigh 12–18 pounds as an adult. Their natural floppy ears, compact body and affinity for snuggles make them an ideal lap dog.

Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Health Issues

Given their smaller stature, Cavaliers can be prone to several different medical conditions that owners will want to keep an eye out for through routine physical exams. One of the most common issues Cavaliers face are various eye conditions such as dry eyes, retinal problems and cataracts. When left untreated, any of these conditions can lead to partial or total blindness. Other more serious health conditions that Cavaliers are prone to include:

  • Patellar luxation: Also known as sliding kneecaps, patellar luxation often occurs in the first 18 months of life and can be diagnosed before the dog even begins to show symptoms.
  • Hip dysplasia: A common health condition where the thigh bone does not fit properly into the hip bone.
  • Mitral valve heart disease: One of the leading causes of death in Cavalier King Charles spaniels, mitral valve disease is caused by the deterioration of the heart’s mitral valve, which can lead to congestive heart failure. 
  • Syringomyelia: Also known as “neck scratcher’s disease,” this progressive neurological disease causes fluid to build up around the spinal canal, leading to pain, weakness in the legs and seizures.

Cavalier King Charles Lifespan

The Cavalier King Charles spaniel can live a long and healthy life, with the average lifespan lasting anywhere from 12 to 15 years. Responsible breeders and dog owners can help alleviate many of the breed’s typical health problems with regular physical exams. Annual checkups can also prevent smaller health concerns like middle ear infections, skin and coat issues and more.

Do Cavalier King Charles Shed?

Yes. Cavaliers typically carry a long, silky coat that sheds year-round. Regular brushing can help reduce shedding and ensure that their skin and coat remains vibrant and healthy. Regular grooming of the Cavalier’s ears and nail trimming can also make it easier for them to enjoy outdoor activities and regular exercise.

Are Cavalier King Charles Spaniels Good Family Dogs?

Absolutely! As mentioned above, these toy spaniels could be excellent companion dogs for families with young children. Whether you live in a home with a fenced yard or in a smaller apartment in the city, Cavaliers can live comfortably in nearly any space and are better than most breeds at adapting to the needs of their owner. So if you’re looking for a loyal little companion, a Cavalier King Charles spaniel may be the perfect fit for your home!

Behind the Breed: Chihuahua

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A close-up of a white and tan chihuahua wearing a red collar standing outside in the sun.

Have you ever wondered about the origins of a dog breed? In our “Behind the Breed” series we’ll dive into the history, personality and physical appearance of a particular breed. We’ll also cover some of the FAQs about the breed and maybe some fun facts, too!

They may be one of the world’s smallest dog breeds, but their larger-than-life personality means you can’t easily overlook a Chihuahua. Chihuahuas are intelligent, lively little dogs that are loyal to their family and love to go everywhere with their favorite person.

Characteristics of the Chihuahua Breed

Similar to other breeds like the Pomeranian, Chihuahuas belong to the toy breed group. Even though they’re small, their high energy levels mean they still need lots of playtime and exercise that’s appropriate for their size — in other words, they’re probably not going on a 5-mile hike with you. However, carrying them in a doggy backpack is certainly an option.

Chihuahuas are very intelligent and are generally easy to train. They love to please their owners and will respond well to praise and rewards. Many Chihuahuas excel at dog sports like agility or obedience trials.

Not surprisingly, modern Chihuahuas are named after the state in Mexico that they were found in. However, their origin is thought to go all the way back to Toltec and Aztec times. They were recognized as an official American Kennel Club breed in 1904.

Chihuahua Size

Most Chihuahuas weigh less than 6 pounds and usually max out at 8 inches tall. Due to their tiny size, rough play with Chihuahuas should be avoided, and they should be supervised around larger dogs and very young children to prevent injury. Leaving a Chihuahua outdoors unsupervised is generally not recommended as they can easily be injured by wildlife (e.g., birds of prey) or other dogs.

Chihuahua Temperament

If you’re looking for a lap dog or a “purse dog” that you can take with you everywhere you go, Chihuahuas fit the bill. Keep in mind that if you do take your Chi with you everywhere, it can lead to separation anxiety when they’re away from their favorite person.

A Chihuahua’s personality tends to be loyal and protective, and they will often bark at strangers. These feisty dogs typically have no problem confronting dogs who may be 10 times their size. This means that, just like any puppy, early socialization is important for a Chihuahua puppy. Make sure puppies spend time with a variety of people and animals, including children, adults, dogs of all sizes and other animals.

Types of Chihuahua

Chihuahuas can have either short or long hair that comes in a variety of coat colors and patterns. Smooth-coated Chihuahuas have an easy coat to maintain with just occasional brushing. Long-haired Chihuahuas require more frequent grooming, about two to three times a week. Their coat comes in a variety of colors, including white, black, tan, brown, red, fawn and combinations of these colors.

As well as differences in their coat, Chihuahuas can have different skull shapes: apple-shaped or deer-shaped. Apple-head Chihuahuas have larger, prominent eyes, a shorter snout that joins their head at right angles and a smaller body. Deer-head Chihuahuas have a more angular head with a longer snout, longer legs and longer ears. Both types of Chihuahuas tend to have erect ears, but floppy ears are possible, too.

Teacup Chihuahuas are the same breed but have been bred to be a smaller size — around three pounds and up to six inches tall. These extra tiny and fragile dogs can have increased health problems and usually require extra care.

Common Chihuahua Health Issues

If you’re wondering, “How long do Chihuahuas live?,” they’re actually one of the longest-living dog breeds with a life span of around 15 years. The Chihuahua breed is generally a healthy one, but they do have some health concerns. Chihuahuas are prone to periodontal disease due to tooth overcrowding, so brushing their teeth regularly (ideally daily) will help prevent dental disease. They can also be susceptible to heart disease, eye issues, kneecap issues (patellar luxation) and hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). You may have heard that Chihuahuas shake. It’s not clear why they do this. Possible reasons are that they’re cold, excited or stressed or that they have low blood sugar.

It’s important to watch how much you feed a Chihuahua, as what seems like just a small treat or food scrap here and there can quickly add up. You can help prevent obesity in Chihuahuas (or any dog) by limiting treats and feeding them a complete and balanced diet according to the food label or your veterinarian’s directions. Regular exercise and playtime will also help reduce their obesity risk.

Chihuahuas make great companions for pet parents and families looking for a bundle of love and energy in a tiny, tiny package. Just make sure you focus on training and socialization to keep that big personality in check!

Behind the Breed: German Shorthaired Pointer

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A black German shorthaired pointer with white spots standing in the middle of a trail in the woods.

Have you ever wondered where a dog breed originated from? In our “Behind the Breed” series we’ll dive into the history, personality and physical appearance of a particular breed. We’ll also cover some of the FAQs about the breed and maybe some fun facts, too!

German shorthaired pointers (GSP) are affectionate, high-energy dogs that love spending time with their humans. A German shorthaired pointer makes a great companion for active pet parents who have the time to spend with these excitable and energetic dogs. They also excel as all-purpose gundogs for avid hunters. 

German Shorthaired Pointer Temperament

German shorthaired pointers are playful dogs that have an extended puppy phase — they act like they’re puppies until around 2 years of age. They are very active and make a great family dog as long as you provide ample physical activity and mental stimulation, like long walks, agility training, dock diving or field trials. A fenced yard to play with their family is also recommended. The youthful exuberance of a German shorthaired pointer remains even into their senior years. 

Hunters with a GSP can use these versatile gundogs year-round for both pointing and retrieving. They will retrieve pheasants, chase rabbits and even track down deer. According to the German Shorthaired Pointer Club of America:

“This is one of the few hunting breeds that can perform virtually all gundog roles. The German Shorthaired pointer (GSP for short) can be a pointer and a retriever. He can hunt upland birds and waterfowl, as well as rabbits, raccoons, and deer. Whatever you ask of your GSP, he will gladly comply with unshakable reliability.”

German Shorthaired Pointer Puppies

Like all puppies, early socialization with other dogs, other pets and different types of people is essential for German shorthaired pointers. They’re extremely intelligent dogs, and as a hunting dog have an innate ability to know how to point and retrieve at a very young age. They’re eager to learn and please their owner, which is a good trait to have given that they need to be trained and mentally exercised regularly. A bored GSP dog is a naughty GSP dog that can display destructive behaviors, especially while they’re in their extended puppy phase. 

German Shorthaired Pointer Colors

German shorthaired pointers can be solid liver or solid black, liver roan, black roan, black and white or liver and white. Their hair is short like a vizsla, which allows them to travel through tall grass without picking up burs in their hair. Their short coat requires minimal grooming — it typically only needs brushing every few days, although brushing is needed more often during heavy shedding periods. 

As well as a shorthaired pointer, there is another breed called the wirehaired German pointer. As you’d expect, wirehaired German pointers have a wiry coat, but they also have a distinguished-looking beard! 

German Shorthaired Pointer Lifespan

The life expectancy of a German shorthaired pointer is usually between 10–12 years. German shorthaired pointers typically grow to around two feet tall and weigh up to 70 pounds. They have long legs with big webbed feet that allow them to swim well. 

As with other deep-chested breeds like Weimaraners, GSP are prone to bloat or gastric dilatation-volvulus, a life-threatening condition. So it’s best to hold off on feeding them any dog food for at least an hour after vigorous exercise. Their long floppy ears need regular inspection, and they can also be susceptible to elbow and hip dysplasia. 

GSP Dog History

Not surprisingly, the origin of German shorthaired pointers is Germany. German hunters crossed Spanish pointer breeds with German bird dog breeds until they achieved their ideal bird dog. German shorthaired pointers were recognized as a breed by the American Kennel Club in 1930. 

With intuitive hunting instincts, endless energy and a willingness to learn, German shorthaired pointers are great pets for families as well as versatile hunting partners.

Behind the Breed: Cane Corso

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Two cane corso puppies sitting together in green grass.

Have you ever wondered where a dog breed originated from? In our “Behind the Breed” series we’ll dive into the history, personality and physical appearance of a particular breed. We’ll also cover some of the FAQs about the breed and maybe some fun facts, too!

Intimidating is an understatement when you first look at a cane corso (pronounced KAH-neh KOR-soh). These giant dogs are muscular, serious looking and extremely protective of their humans and their home. Cane corsos are intelligent, confident and loyal dogs that can be a high-maintenance breed in terms of their training, socialization and exercise requirements. So if you’re looking for a purebred dog that doesn’t require much attention, the cane corso is probably not the breed for you.

Cane Corso Puppies Need to Be Socialized

While cane corso puppies start off as adorable bundles of fur, it’s important to realize that these cute pups grow up into big dogs. It’s essential that cane corso puppies begin socialization and obedience training as soon as they are brought home. This breed is naturally assertive, which, combined with their strength and large size, means you can’t be a pushover with a cane corso — they can literally push you over!

Cane Corso Size and Lifespan

Similar to bullmastiffs, cane corsos are large dogs that grow to around 27 inches tall and can weigh over 100 pounds. They are generally healthy dogs, but they can have health issues like hip dysplasia, epilepsy and eye problems — all of which reputable breeders should screen for. Cane corso dogs, like other large, deep-chested dogs, can be susceptible to bloat or gastric dilatation-volvulus where the stomach becomes gas-filled, distended and twisted on itself, resulting in an obstruction. Limiting food gobbling behaviors can help prevent these conditions. The average cane corso life span is between 9 and 12 years.

Cane Corso Temperament and Training

According to the Cane Corso Association of America, cane corsos need lots of socialization and training by an experienced pet parent — they aren’t typically recommended for first-time pet owners. They are very loyal and protective of their family and home, but wary of strangers and other animals. This means that cane corso dogs need to be trained that your visiting friends and family are welcome and not something to be protected from.

Regular training and socialization is essential throughout the life of a cane corso. Training is usually easy as they’re eager to please their owners and respond well to treats, praise and other positive reinforcement. It’s essential that cane corso dogs learn to respond reliably to commands, otherwise they can become difficult to handle as adults.

Cane corso dogs need a lot of exercise — you should be prepared for long daily walks or runs. They love having a job to do, so to help with mental and physical stimulation, competing in dog sports like agility, tracking or dock diving are good options. Without a job to do, cane corso dogs may create their own work like digging holes in the backyard.

Cane Corso Colors and Grooming

While many images of cane corso dogs show them with black coats, the breed standard actually includes a variety of colors including black, fawn, gray, brindle and red. They can also have a black or gray mask.

Cane corso dogs have a short, double-layered coat. They typically require weekly brushing, but during shedding season when the underlayer sheds, daily brushing will help control their shedding hair. As with all dogs, a cane corso’s nails will need trimming regularly.

Are Cane Corso Dogs Good With Kids?

Due to their large size, cane corso dogs may not be a good fit for families with small children that can be accidentally knocked over. They’re generally not a playful breed, so you probably won’t find them playing with kids or other dogs; however, they do love to be with their family. It’s best if cane corso dogs are raised with kids and small pets from puppyhood.

Cane Corso Breed History

Like Rottweilers, cane corsos can be traced back to Roman times — “cane corso” in Latin means “bodyguard dog.” They were bred for Roman conquests and then in later times used for hunting, to herd livestock and in more modern times, as guard dogs. They almost became extinct until a group of Italian breeders recovered the breed in the 1970s. The cane corso was recognized as a breed by the American Kennel Club in 2010.

Cane corso dogs can be wonderful pets as long as you’re an experienced dog owner who has the time to exercise, socialize and train their dog throughout their whole life. You should also be prepared for the giant appetite of this giant breed dog!