Behind the Breed: Boston Terrier

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A close-up of a brown and white Boston terrier lying on a wooden deck outside on a sunny day.

Have you ever wondered about the origins of a dog breed? In our “Behind the Breed” series we’ll dive into the history, personality and physical appearance of a particular breed. We’ll also cover some of the FAQs about the breed and maybe some fun facts, too!

Boston terriers are small dogs with big personalities, known for their tuxedo coats and friendly, playful nature. Originating in the United States, the Boston terrier is often called the “American Gentleman” and is a popular choice for families seeking an affectionate, manageable companion. 

Boston Terriers Differ from Other Terrier Types

Terriers are a diverse group of dogs originally bred for work such as hunting and ratting contests. While many terriers retain strong prey drive and high energy, the Boston terrier stands apart. Developed as a companion rather than a working terrier, the Boston terrier was bred for close interaction with humans.

Boston Terrier Colors

The Boston terrier is easily recognized by its distinctive black-and-white appearance, which is why it’s commonly referred to as the “tuxedo dog.” While many people associate the breed with that classic look, Boston terrier colors are more varied. The American Kennel Club recognizes black, brindle and seal coats, each paired with white markings on the chest, face and sometimes the tail and legs.

These coat colors, combined with expressive eyes, a compact head, short muzzle and smooth coat, give Boston terriers their polished appearance. Their erect ears and balanced shape reflect the breed standard.

Boston Terrier Temperament

Boston terriers are known for their friendly, intelligent and happy-go-lucky personality. These dogs are highly people-oriented, generally eager to please and quick to form strong bonds with their owners. Their affectionate nature makes them well suited for households with children and, when properly socialized, other family pets.

Consistent training and regular mental stimulation help prevent undesirable behaviors. While Boston terriers are not excessive barkers, structured training sessions and positive reinforcement support good manners and help maintain their reputation for impeccable manners.

Boston Terrier Size

Boston terriers are considered small dogs, typically weighing between 12 and 25 pounds, depending on the individual dog’s weight and build. Their small size, sturdy shape and muscular frame make them adaptable to many living environments, from apartments to larger homes.

Despite being little dogs, Boston terriers still require daily activity. Regular walks, playtime and appropriate exercise help maintain physical health without overexertion.

Do Boston Terriers Shed?

Boston terriers have short, smooth coats that shed a fair amount year-round, though less than many other dogs. Routine grooming and good brushing habits help manage loose hair and support healthy skin.

Though no dog is completely hypoallergenic, Boston terriers are often manageable for families concerned about shedding. A balanced diet with necessary nutrients and high-quality dog food can also support coat condition.

Boston Terrier Puppies and Care

Boston terrier puppies benefit from early socialization, consistent routines and enrollment in puppy training classes. Starting training early helps puppies develop good habits and grow into well-adjusted adult dogs.

Like many breeds, Boston terriers can be prone to specific health issues, including patellar luxation (sometimes called a trick knee), eye conditions and other potential health problems. Regular care, routine veterinary visits and monitoring for signs of discomfort support long-term health.

How Long Do Boston Terriers Live?

The typical Boston terrier lifespan is 11 to 13 years, though many dogs live longer with attentive care. Proper nutrition, regular exercise, routine visits to a veterinarian and access to fresh water all contribute to a healthy life.

Because Boston terriers are classified as brachycephalic dogs, meaning they have shortened muzzles, they can be prone to breathing challenges and heat sensitivity. Monitoring activity in warm weather and consulting a vet about individual health concerns helps support long-term wellness.

Other Breeds Similar to the Boston Terrier Breed

Pugs share similarities with Boston terriers in their compact size, affectionate personality and adaptability to indoor living. French bulldogs are also comparable to Boston terriers in their friendly temperament and suitability for family life.

These similarities explain why Boston terriers are often compared to other short-nosed breeds such as the English bulldog and even the boxer, which played a role in the breed’s early development.

Boston terriers bring energy, affection and charm into homes in a very manageable package. With the right care, nutrition and daily interaction, they thrive as loyal companions. Understanding the breed’s characteristics helps owners support a happy, healthy life for their Boston terrier.

Why Do Dogs Get the Zoomies?

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A golden retriever energetically running with its mouth open on a green grassy hill.

Suddenly, your dog takes off like a rocket and starts running around like crazy from one end of the house to the other or frantically running in circles in the yard. What’s happening? You’re witnessing a classic case of the zoomies! Here’s some information behind this crazy behavior and some ideas to keep your dog safe when they get the zoomies. 

What Are Zoomies?

Zoomies are sudden bursts of playful and uncontrollable energy often seen in pets. Also referred to as FRAPs (frenetic random activity periods), dog zoomies are a normal behavior and can be quite amusing to watch. But dogs aren’t the only animals that get the zoomies; you can see it in your other furry friends, such as cats, rabbits, horses and many other animals when they get excited. These episodes typically last only a few moments, with your furry companion stopping just as abruptly as they began. Generally, they don’t last long, and you will normally see it in young dogs, especially puppies. Many older dogs will not get the zoomies as much, but if they have a buildup of energy or are feeling happy, don’t be surprised if you see them turn loose. 

What Causes Zoomies in Dogs?  

Sometimes, dogs experience bursts of energy as a way to release physical or mental tension. This behavior can also serve as a form of stress relief, particularly after stressful events such as a visit to the veterinarian or when they are overwhelmed by loud noises or new visitors. 

Additionally, many dogs that do not get enough physical or mental exercise may suddenly run around to burn off their excess energy. To help prevent zoomies, ensure that your dog receives adequate exercise and mental stimulation. You can take them for hikes, walks or engage in playtime with toys to provide more exercise, and engage them in training sessions or brain games to help them release pent-up energy.

Are Puppy Zoomies Normal?

Yes, zoomies are common in puppies and completely normal. As we all know, puppies have a lot of energy, and their brains and bodies are developing quickly. Zoomies allow them to explore the world around them and express their emotions, which can sometimes lead to bursts of energy. Additionally, zoomies help puppies develop their muscles and coordination while burning off some of that extra energy. As your pup gets older, you will see the zoomies decrease. 

Safety During Dog Zoomies

One thing that dog owners worry about while their dog is experiencing zoomies is safety. If you are out for a walk or in a public area, a spontaneous case of the dog zoomies can cause harm or accidents. It’s important to have a leash or another means of securing your dog to prevent any potential issues. Whenever possible, allowing your dog to run freely in a secure, fenced area is ideal, as the grass offers better footing and provides more space to run.

The best way to prevent accidents in your home is to create an open area free of furniture or fragile items that dogs can run around in. Block off stairs or areas that would cause slipping, such as hardwood floors. If your dog has frequent zoomies, then it may be in your best interest to create a safe space for them inside your house. Hitting an object at full speed during a zoomie burst may cause injuries to your dog. 

During zoomies, it’s important not to chase your dog, as this can promote more frantic running and increase the risk of collisions. Instead, remain calm and gently guide them away from any hazards if necessary. Always keep an eye out for signs of overexertion or if your dog shows any limping or pain once they have settled down.

To help prevent zoomies, you can provide mental stimulation and increase your dog’s physical exercise. Engaging them in games and play can keep them active and reduce the frequency of zoomies.

Are Zoomies a Sign of a Happy Dog?

In most cases, dog zoomies or frenetic random activity periods are a sign of a happy and healthy dog. They often occur when your dog is excited, such as when you come home after a long day or when you let them out into the yard. Similar to how young children run around joyfully on a playground, dogs can have zoomies at the dog park or in the house after a bath. 

For most dogs, zoomies indicate that they are happy and content. This behavior is a way for them to express their excitement and joy. Rest assured, your dog is not acting strangely; dog zoomies are a natural and healthy behavior. It serves as a way for them to release excess energy, and it can be fun for you to watch!

The Virtual Pet Park 2025 Recap

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An image of a black dog sitting outside in front of a flowery bush wearing a colorful bandana next to a separate image of a tan cat and a black cat hugging while lying in a cat bed, with the two photos displayed under banner text that reads, 'THE VIRTUAL PET PARK 2025 RECAP'.

We began the Virtual Pet Park as a place for Taste of the Wild fans to share photos of their pets, and we’re thrilled that hundreds of photos of cats and dogs were shared this year. Check out our recap of “2025 in the VPP,” where we highlight some fun facts and share super cute pics from the Virtual Pet Park.

Who’s Been Playing in the Virtual Pet Park? 

First, let’s take a look at which pets were spotted playing in the park. Were they dogs or cats? What breed were they? What was their favorite Taste of the Wild recipe? The answers await!

The Dog Pack

It’s obvious that dog parents love sharing photos of their canine companions; with about two thirds of the submitted photos featuring dogs. Fun fact: the most common dog names were Bailey, Cooper, Daisy, Finn, Piper and Willow.

It’s not surprising that there were many mixed-breed dogs or those of unknown breed in the Virtual Pet Park — who doesn’t love a mutt?! Other breeds that were common in the park included Labrador retrievers, Australian shepherds, Siberian huskies and golden retrievers. But we also saw visits from less common breeds — and some had hard-to-pronounce names! They were:

  • Ipa the Basenji (pronounced buh-sen-jee)
  • Shay the Berger Picard (pronounced bare-zhay pee-char)
  • Vinny the Belgian sheepdog
  • Jackie the Czechoslovakian Vlcak (pronounced check-slow-vaa-kee-an vul-chuck).
A collage of four photographs showing a small brown and white dog lying on a patio, a scruffy terrier mix on a rocky hillside, three Collie-type dogs sitting together on a hillside, and a wolf-like gray and tan dog standing in a park at sunset.

The Cat Crew

If you’re curious about cats in the Virtual Pet Park, they were featured in about one third of the photos. Like dogs, most of the cats were of unknown or mixed breeds, or they were one of the domestic breeds. But we also had some rare breeds in the park, including Mochi Love the Snowshoe and Rylee the Siberian.

A split image showing two cats, a short-haired brown and white cat with blue eyes on the left, and a fluffy orange long-haired cat sitting on a red chair on the right.

The Fluff and Tumble Squad

The Virtual Pet Park had some very cute newbies in 2025. These pups and kittens may be some of the youngest park visitors, but they still made a big impression!

A collage of four photographs featuring a small brown puppy sitting outside in the snow, a black and tan dog wearing a harness while lying in green grass, a small orange and white kitten lying in a pile of blankets, and a white and black spotted dog lying comfortably on a brown couch.

The Adventurerers

We love seeing our fans roaming around in the wild! Whether it’s at the beach, up in the mountains or in the woods, it’s amazing to see what adventures our pet park friends get up to.

A collage of four photographs featuring a tan dog wearing a green collar while running through shallow water, a white and black spotted dog wearing a red vest and solar eclipse glasses while standing outside in the sun, a black dog sitting on large rocks with rolling hills in the background, and a white and black long-haired cat sitting in the woods surrounded by green foliage.

The Kitchen Favorites 

Playing in the park can make any cat or dog hungry, so we dug around and found out the favorite recipes of the pets who visited the Virtual Pet Park this year. For our feline friends, Taste of the Wild PREY® Angus Beef Limited Ingredient Recipe for Cats, Canyon River® Feline Recipe with Trout and Salmon in Gravy and Taste of the Wild PREY® Turkey Limited Ingredient Recipe for Cats were the favorites. Our dog friends must love salmon as the most popular recipes for dogs were Pacific Stream® Canine Recipe with Smoke-Flavored Salmon, Ancient Stream® Canine Recipe with Smoke-Flavored Salmon and Pacific Stream® Puppy Recipe with Smoke-Flavored Salmon.

A close-up of an orange and white tabby cat sitting on a kitchen floor next to a bag of Canyon River Feline Recipe with Trout & Smoke-Flavored Salmon.

We hope you have enjoyed our recap of the Virtual Pet Park visitors over the past year. Keep posting those adorable pics and come back often to see who else is in the Virtual Pet Park!

Can My Dog Eat That? Garlic

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A close-up of a small pile of peeled white garlic cloves.

Welcome to “Can My Dog Eat That?,” our series that answers some obvious (and not-so-obvious) questions about what your dog can and can’t safely eat. You can view some of the previous foods we’ve looked at in our “Can my dog eat that?” guide. Today we answer the question “Can dogs eat garlic?” Read on!

Garlic is a common kitchen staple found in many households, adding savory flavor to meals, sauces and seasonings. But this pungent vegetable, just like other members of the Allium genus, is toxic to dogs. Use caution if you’re cooking with garlic or eating anything containing garlic, so your dog doesn’t accidentally ingest it.

Can Dogs Eat Garlic?

No, dogs should not eat garlic. While dog garlic supplements and homemade diets containing garlic are sometimes promoted as natural remedies for flea and tick control, the risk is not worth it; pet owners should only use FDA-approved flea and tick preventives that are scientifically proven to be safe for dogs.

Is Garlic Bad for Dogs?

Yes! Garlic is bad for dogs, and it should never be part of their diet. Garlic is one of the most potent members of the Allium genus and is significantly more toxic to dogs than onions or leeks because it contains a higher concentration of sulfur-containing compounds. These compounds can damage your dog’s red blood cells, leading to hemolytic anemia, a life-threatening condition. There is no safe amount of garlic that offers nutritional benefits to dogs, so there’s no reason to include it in their food. 

Can Dogs Have Garlic Powder?

No, just like fresh garlic, dogs should never eat garlic powder or any form of garlic, including raw garlic, cooked or dried garlic. Powdered and dried forms of garlic are often more concentrated, making them more dangerous. Even small amounts can contribute to red blood cell damage, especially if given repeatedly. To keep your pet safe, always check ingredient labels and avoid feeding your dog food that contains garlic or onion powder. 

Can My Dog Eat Garlic Bread?

Those puppy-dog eyes may look at you and beg for a bite of your garlic bread, but you must resist. Like the name implies, garlic bread is loaded with garlic, butter and often other seasonings that can be harmful to dogs. Although not all garlic bread contains enough garlic to cause anemia in a single bite, the butter and oils can cause gastrointestinal upset. Some garlic breads and spicy foods also contain added salt or herbs that could irritate your dog’s digestive system. So while it might be hard to say no, garlic bread is a human-only treat.

How Much Garlic Is Toxic to Dogs?

Even small doses of garlic consumed over time can upset your dog’s stomach. However, it is hard to say how much garlic is toxic to your dog because not all dogs react the same way. For example, a dog’s size plays a role in the toxic effects of garlic — an amount of garlic that is toxic for small dogs may be tolerated more in larger dogs (though it’s still unsafe). Sensitivity also varies widely from dog to dog, and small doses of garlic consumed repeatedly can cause harm. It is not known why, but some breeds of Japanese descent, such as akitas and shiba inus, may have a genetic predisposition that increases sensitivity to garlic poisoning. 

What Are the Symptoms of Garlic Poisoning in Dogs?

If your dog consumes garlic, symptoms may occur within a few hours or take several days to appear, and the severity of these symptoms can vary. Common signs of garlic poisoning include vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, lethargy, weakness, pale gums, lack of coordination and drooling. There may also be signs of decreased appetite, dark urine or discolored urine. In severe cases, a dog may experience an increased heart rate or rapid breathing. Additionally, some pets might show signs of anemia if oxidative damage begins to break down red blood cells. 

What Should I Do If My Dog Eats Garlic?

If you think your dog has eaten fresh garlic, cooked garlic or any form of garlic, call your veterinarian immediately or one of the two animal poison control centers in North America — the Pet Poison Helpline (1-855-764-7661) or the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center (1-888-426-4435). The veterinarian may induce vomiting or administer activated charcoal (do not do either of these at home unless directed to by a veterinarian). They may also perform blood and urine tests to check for toxicity and ensure there are no changes to red blood cells. Depending on the results of the blood work, the veterinarian may recommend intravenous fluids to help support hydration, blood transfusions and/or medication. 

In severe cases of garlic poisoning, hospitalization and blood transfusions may be needed to combat the serious effects of garlic toxicity. If caught early, treatment of garlic poisoning is usually successful. However, in rare cases or if large doses were eaten, it can be fatal. Therefore, always consult a veterinarian if you know your dog has ingested garlic or if you suspect garlic toxicity. 

Garlic toxicity in dogs is a serious but completely preventable condition. Since symptoms can take anywhere from a few hours to several days to appear, early recognition and contacting your veterinarian immediately are crucial steps for your dog’s recovery. By staying informed and taking precautions, you can ensure your furry friend stays safe, healthy and free from the dangers of garlic toxicity.

An interior graphic with text that reads ‘Can my dog eat garlic? No’.

Behind the Breed: Pugs

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A close-up of a black and tan pug dog standing out in the sun in green grass.

Have you ever wondered about the origins of a dog breed? In our “Behind the Breed” series, we dive into the history, personality and physical appearance of a particular breed. We’ll also cover some of the FAQs about the breed and maybe a few fun facts, too!

With their wrinkled face, curly tail and big eyes, pugs are among one of the world’s most recognizable dog breeds. These small, affectionate dogs have a rich history as loyal companions to Chinese emperors and members of royal families across Europe. Today, this ancient breed remains a favorite pet for families thanks to their loving nature, playful character and unmistakable charm. 

Pugs: A Royal Dog Breed

The pug dog’s story began in ancient China, where emperors adored them for their calm temperament and loyal nature. Centuries later, Dutch traders brought the pug to Europe, where it became the official dog of the House of Orange in Holland, and a favorite breed of Queen Victoria in the United Kingdom. Whether living in a palace or a city apartment, pugs bring the same joy today that they once offered royalty. 

Pug Temperament and Personality

Pugs are affectionate, loyal and endlessly playful. Their friendly temperament makes them wonderful companions for children, adults and other pets. Often called “shadows,” they love staying close to their people and are great family dogs.

These toy dogs are known for their sense of humor and their love of attention. They’re social, curious and adaptable, thriving equally well in apartments or larger homes. Pugs are eager to please but can be stubborn, so gentle consistency works best. They are easy to train when rewarded with praise, patience and treats. Because they are a brachycephalic breed and can have trouble breathing (more on that later), they only need short daily walks or indoor play sessions to meet their exercise needs.

Pug Colors and Grooming Requirements

A pug’s coat can come in several shades. The most common colors are fawn and black, though apricot fawn and silver coats also appear. Fawn pugs have a tan body with a black mask and floppy ears, while black pugs have a glossy coat that highlights their expressive eyes and distinctive wrinkles.

The skin folds and wrinkles of pugs require special care. Moisture trapped in these areas can lead to skin problems, so it’s important to gently clean them after meals or playtime. Many pet parents use grooming as a bonding routine that keeps their pug relaxed while promoting healthy skin.

Do Pugs Shed?

Yes, pugs shed quite a bit. Though their coat is short and smooth, their double coat releases fur year-round, with heavier shedding during warm weather and humid seasons. Regular grooming with a soft brush or grooming mitt helps remove loose hair and keeps their coat in great condition. Regular grooming also gives owners a chance to check for skin allergies, eye irritation or other health issues early. 

Common Pug Health Problems

Like shih tzus, Boston terriers and French bulldogs, pugs are a brachycephalic breed; their short muzzle and flat face can cause breathing issues and make it difficult to get enough oxygen in warm or humid weather. Their facial structure can lead to snoring, loud breathing and difficulty regulating body temperature. Pug owners should limit outdoor activity during hot weather to prevent overheating.

Other breed health concerns include obesity, eye injuries, hip dysplasia, allergic skin disease, back problems and dental issues. Routine vet visits, careful weight management and high-quality dog food can help reduce risks. 

How Long Do Pugs Live?

The average pug lifespan is around 12 to 15 years, though their life expectancy depends on diet, exercise, environment and genetics. With proper care, many pet pugs enjoy long, healthy lives. Watching for early signs of health problems, such as obesity, breathing issues or hip dysplasia, helps prevent larger issues later. 

What Is the Typical Pug Weight Range? 

Most adult pugs weigh between 14 and 18 pounds. Their compact, muscular build and broad chest give them a sturdy appearance, but it’s easy for them to gain weight quickly. Short, gentle walks are enough to meet a pug’s exercise needs. These small dogs do not require vigorous activity, but consistent movement keeps their muscles strong and their weight stable.

Keeping a pug at a healthy weight helps prevent obesity-related conditions such as joint strain, heart disease and breathing difficulties. Pug owners should feed measured portions, avoid excess treats and schedule regular walks. A veterinarian can recommend portion sizes for the dog’s age and activity level. Because pugs are small dogs with big appetites, owners should watch weight gain and adjust feeding as needed. 

Are Pugs Smart?

Pugs are intelligent, curious and emotionally aware. They’re eager to please and respond well to short, positive training sessions. Pugs may show occasional stubbornness, and they need mental stimulation (e.g., puzzle feeders) and playtime to help prevent boredom.

Their intelligence shines in their ability to read human emotions, an important reason they’re such loyal companions. With training and structure, they develop confidence, focus and strong character.

Pug Puppies and Training

Pug puppies are lively, curious and playful. Training from an early age helps a pug puppy grow into a well-behaved companion. Positive reinforcement works best, as these puppies are affectionate and eager to please. Socializing pug puppies with children, other dogs and new experiences builds confidence and reduces stubborn behavior. Gentle crate training and daily leash walks teach good habits. 

Is a Pug the Right Breed for You? 

From ancient palaces to modern family homes, the pug breed remains a true companion. Their gentle temperament, playful character and loyal hearts make them ideal for families, singles and seniors alike. Pugs are affectionate, adaptable and endlessly endearing, a perfect reminder that sometimes the best things really do come in small, curly-tailed packages.

Why Do Cats Sleep So Much?

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A close-up of a black and tan striped cat sleeping on its side.

What do most cats spend more time doing than anything else? Sleeping! A cat’s typical daily schedule seems to be: sleep, eat, sleep, play, nap, sleep, nap, eat, sleep, play, sleep and repeat! This sleepy lifestyle isn’t just a domestic cat pattern though — it’s followed by wild cats, too. Let’s find out why cats need so much shut-eye.   

How Many Hours a Day Do Cats Sleep?

In general, adult cats tend to spend around 12 to 16 hours a day sleeping. How much they sleep depends on their age, breed, size, personality, environment and activity level. Senior kitties typically sleep even more than this, as cats are generally less active and have a slower metabolism as they age.

It may seem like your favorite feline sleeps in the same spot for hours at a time, but they actually take many short naps throughout the day — it’s where the term “catnap” comes from. These catnaps usually last around 15 to 30 minutes and are just a light sleep. That way they can rest and recharge but remain alert and ready to spring into action if predators come nearby (or they hear the rattle of the treat bag). 

Cats will also sleep deeply, but this only lasts around five minutes at a time. You can tell if your cat is in a deep sleep because their body posture will look more relaxed than when they’re in a light sleep and listening for potential threats (or treats). 

How Much Do Kittens Sleep?

Like most baby animals, younger cats need a lot of sleep — up to 20 hours a day. All that growth and development, plus rambunctious playtime during their awake periods, requires lots of rest and energy replenishment. So if your kitten is napping, hold back the urge to play with them; let the little cutie get some rest.  

But How Much Sleep Do Cats Need?

The main reason that cats need around 12 to 16 hours of sleep a day is to rest, recharge and conserve energy. Life for domestic cats’ ancestors was tough, as they needed to hunt their prey without becoming prey themselves. This required staying on top of their game physically and mentally, and sleep was a big part of this. Even today, domestic cats need sleep to stay healthy, replenish energy levels and keep their minds sharp — even though the only thing they’re hunting down is you to remind you that it’s dinner time. 

Why Is My Cat Sleeping So Much?

It’s completely normal for cats to sleep much of the day away, and they do this for many different reasons. We’ve mentioned rest and energy conservation, but another common reason house cats may appear to sleep a lot is because they’re understimulated or bored. Cats need to express natural instincts and behaviors like hiding, hunting, scratching and scent marking. Providing environmental enrichment can help balance their rest and activity cycles. 

Stress and anxiety can also cause cats to sleep more. It’s important to provide your cat with enrichment to make sure their behavioral needs are met and they’re mentally stimulated. Without the ability to express their natural instincts, cats can become stressed, potentially leading to illness and unwanted behaviors. Providing your kitty with mental and physical stimulation as well as other enrichment opportunities (e.g., scratching posts, window perches, toys) can help keep them happy and comfortable in your home.  

Another reason why your cat appears to sleep so much is that they may be awake while you’re asleep. Cats are crepuscular (not nocturnal), which means they are most active during dawn and dusk when light levels are low. It’s possible that your cat wakes up in the early morning hours (even before dawn) and that’s why they need so many naps during the day. 

Why Have My Cat’s Sleeping Habits Changed? 

If you notice that your cat begins sleeping more or less than normal, contact your veterinarian for advice. Some health conditions can cause a cat’s normal sleep patterns to change, including hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid), hypertension (high blood pressure), anxiety, stress and pain. If you have a senior cat, they can develop cognitive dysfunction (like dementia in people) that can also create a disrupted sleep cycle. 

It’s in a cat’s nature to sleep over half the day away. You know your cat’s sleeping habits, so if their typical sleeping pattern changes, make an appointment with your vet. Erratic sleep patterns combined with other behavioral changes like excessive grooming, increased or decreased appetite and changes in litter box habits could indicate a health issue.

Can My Dog Eat That? Stevia and Other Artificial Sweeteners

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A wooden spoon full of white granulated sugar surrounded by solid white sugar cubes resting on a bed of loose sugar.

Welcome to “Can My Dog Eat That?,” our series that answers some obvious (and not-so-obvious) questions about what your dog can and can’t safely eat. You can view some of the previous foods we’ve looked at in our “Can my dog eat that?” guide. Today we answer the question “Can dogs eat stevia and other artificial sweeteners?” Read on!

Many grocery stores are full of products that are labeled “sugar-free” or “no added sugar.” These products often contain artificial sweeteners or sugar substitutes that give people the sweet taste they’re craving without the calories. While consumption of some artificial sweeteners generally won’t harm your dog if they steal a bite of your food, xylitol is an important exception — your dog should never have it. Let’s learn more about sugar substitutes and the effects they can have on your dog.

Can Dogs Have Stevia?

Stevia is produced from the leaves of the plant Stevia rebaudiana, which grows naturally in South America. Stevia is commonly used in diet drinks and as a sweetener. Small amounts shouldn’t cause issues for most dogs; however, large amounts can cause an upset gastrointestinal tract. 

Can Dogs Have Sucralose?

Similar to other common artificial sweeteners, like aspartame and saccharin, sucralose is generally safe for dogs to eat. However, sucralose can cause diarrhea and other digestive tract symptoms if dogs eat too much.  

Is Erythritol Bad for Dogs?

Often used in combination with stevia, this sugar alcohol is used in many low-calorie foods and drinks. Food containing erythritol is generally safe for dogs to eat. However, if they eat large quantities, erythritol can cause digestive system issues. 

Why Is Xylitol and Dogs a Bad Combination?

The natural sweetener xylitol is extremely toxic to dogs; even a small amount is potentially fatal. It is a sugar substitute often used in sugar-free foods like chewing gum and candy as well as foods labeled with “no added sugar” (e.g., peanut butter). Non-food items like toothpaste and mouthwash can also contain xylitol. It’s important to note that xylitol is also known by other names: birch sugar, wood sugar and birch bark extract. Pet owners should use caution and always check the label for xylitol and its other names before giving their dog any human food — it’s not worth the risk. 

If toxic amounts of xylitol are ingested, it causes large amounts of insulin to be released into the blood, which results in the dog’s blood sugar levels dropping to dangerous levels. Ingesting higher amounts of xylitol can also cause liver failure. Signs of xylitol toxicity due to low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) include no energy, weakness, difficulty walking, vomiting, confusion, shaking and seizures. Xylitol poisoning is a life-threatening veterinary emergency, so if you think your dog consumed something that contains xylitol, don’t wait for symptoms to appear. Immediately contact your veterinarian or an animal poison control center for advice.

Can Dogs Have Xanthan Gum?

Yes! Xanthan gum is safe for dogs to eat. It sometimes gets confused with xylitol, but they are two very different food additives. Xanthan gum is not an artificial sweetener; it’s a very common food additive used to stabilize, thicken and bind ingredients in foods like gravy, condiments, baked goods, gluten-free products and salad dressings. It’s also added to wet dog food to enhance the texture of the product. 

Can Dogs Eat Sugar?

Sugar isn’t toxic to dogs, but it also shouldn’t be part of a dog’s diet, as it offers no health benefits for dogs. If dogs eat a large amount of sugar, it can upset their digestive system, causing vomiting, appetite loss and diarrhea. Too much natural sugar, like the sugar found in fruit, can also be unhealthy. So limit any type of treat or snacks to only 10 percent of your pet’s daily calorie intake.

Are Stevia and Other Artificial Sweeteners Safe for Dogs? 

While some artificial sweeteners are generally safe for dogs to eat in small amounts — with the important exception of xylitol — food containing sugar and sugar substitutes should not be a main part of a dog’s diet. If you want to give your dog a human food treat, stick with a healthier alternative like blueberries or carrots.

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Behind the Breed: Miniature Schnauzer

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A close-up of a black, gray and white miniature schnauzer lying on a wooden dock near water.

With their vibrant personalities, eagerness to please and distinctive beards, miniature schnauzers are a popular breed. They’re adorable, sure, but they also possess an outgoing personality and unwavering loyalty, making them an excellent pet for families. Let’s take a closer look at miniature schnauzers.

Physical Characteristics of the Miniature Schnauzer Dog Breed

The miniature schnauzer is a small, muscular dog that is part of the terrier group. They have a wiry coat that comes in three color patterns: salt and pepper, black and silver, and solid black. Like the standard schnauzer, their distinctive eyebrows and long, bushy beards give them an “old man” look. 

Fun Fact: Schnauzer is derived from the German word “schnauze,” which means snout or muzzle. It can also mean “mustache” or “whiskered snout.”

How Big Do Miniature Schnauzers Get?

Miniature schnauzers grow up to 14 inches tall and weigh up to 20 pounds. These dogs are robust and agile, characterized by a well-developed muscular frame. 

Miniature Schnauzer Personality Traits: Smart, Spirited and Charming

Miniature schnauzers are playful little dogs with big personalities packed into their small frames. Known for their intelligence and eagerness to please, they are highly trainable and quick to pick up commands, making them a favorite among dog owners who enjoy teaching tricks or participating in obedience activities. These smart, friendly pups are not only obedient but also full of charm and energy, always ready to play or cuddle. 

They are very affectionate and good with young children, making them a great fit for family life. Just note that they can become snappy when nervous and can be aggressive toward other small animals. Their alert nature and lively disposition make them delightful companions who bring joy and loyalty into any home.

Training Miniature Schnauzer Puppies

Miniature schnauzer puppies are intelligent and energetic, making early training essential for both their behavior and well-being. Consistent training sessions not only teach basic commands but also provide crucial mental stimulation, which helps prevent boredom and destructive behavior. Owners need to introduce their puppies to walking on a leash early on, using positive reinforcement to encourage good habits. With patience and structure, mini schnauzer puppies can grow into well-mannered companions who respond well to their owners and enjoy the learning process.

Do Mini Schnauzers Shed?

The wiry coat of the miniature schnauzer sheds very little, making them a “hypoallergenic breed” (no breed is truly hypoallergenic) due to their low-shedding nature and double coat. However, excessive shedding can occur if there are underlying health issues. Frequent brushing can help remove loose hair from their coat. 

Their hair can grow long, reaching lengths of 4 to 5 inches. Like other dogs with long hair, it’s a good idea to visit a professional groomer to prevent fur tangling and matting. Regular grooming every six weeks will help keep a miniature schnauzer’s coat healthy and shiny. 

How Long Do Mini Schnauzers Live?

The life expectancy of a miniature schnauzer is normally 12 to 15 years. But just like other breeds, there are several factors that can affect their longevity, such as diet, exercise, genetics and regular veterinary care. Miniature schnauzers are generally healthy dogs, but they can be prone to certain health concerns, such as pancreatitis, urinary stones and cataracts. Make sure to consult your veterinarian if your mini schnauzer is experiencing any problems. 

Some dogs are prone to becoming overweight, so watch their calorie consumption. Excess weight can lead to health problems that may affect your mini schnauzer’s life expectancy. 

What Were Miniature Schnauzers Bred For?

Miniature schnauzers were originally bred in Germany in the late 19th century as all-round farm dogs, specifically for vermin control. They were developed by crossing the standard schnauzer with smaller breeds like the poodle to create a smaller, more agile dog that could effectively hunt and eliminate rats and other pests around farms and homes. Founded in 1933, the American Miniature Schnauzer Club serves as the official parent club for miniature schnauzers as recognized by the American Kennel Club. Other schnauzer breeds include the standard schnauzer and the giant schnauzer.

Today, the breed makes a wonderful family pet, and the same traits that once made them skilled at vermin control now make them excellent watchdogs. Their naturally alert and attentive nature helps them quickly detect anything unusual, often using their bark to alert owners to unfamiliar people or unusual sounds. This vigilance makes them reliable guardians of both the home and small children.

Adaptable and Loyal Miniature Schnauzers

Miniature schnauzers are small enough to accommodate city apartment life, but also have the stamina to run in large fenced areas. Similar to other similar small, gentle breeds, like the Yorkshire terrier and Cavalier King Charles spaniel, their size makes them easier to manage for families or individuals who prefer a smaller companion, making them an ideal choice for those seeking a loyal best friend.

How to Convert Dog Years to Human Years

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A small brown dog sits on a wooden dock in front of a person wearing white platform sneakers.

Ever wondered how old your dog is in human years? It’s a common question among pet parents and one that doesn’t have a one-size-fits-all answer. While the classic “multiply by seven” rule is still floating around, veterinarians have more accurate ways of estimating your dog’s age based on breed, size and life stage. Let’s break it down!

Dog Years to Human Years

The old rule of thumb, one dog year equals seven human years, was a rough guess based on average life spans. But it turns out dogs age much faster in their early puppy years, and the rate of their aging slows down later in their lives. According to the American Veterinary Medical Association, here’s a better way to estimate a dog’s age:

  • The first year of a medium-sized dog’s life = 15 human years
  • The second year = about 9 more human years
  • Every year after that = roughly 5 human years

So, a 2-year-old dog is around 24 in human years while a 5-year-old dog is about 39!

Dog Years Explained

Your dog’s breed and size play a huge role in how they age. In general, small dogs live longer and age more slowly after the first few years. A large dog’s lifespan tends to be shorter and they may age more quickly in middle age.

That’s why a 8-year-old Chihuahua might still be spry, while a Great Dane the same age is considered a “senior.” Different dog breeds experience the aging process differently — smaller dogs age slower than larger dogs. These breed-specific differences are why general estimates are just that: estimates!

Human Years to Dog Years

Sometimes pet parents want to flip the equation and ask, how do human years convert into dog years? In that case:

  • A 15-year-old human = around a 1-year-old dog
  • A 24-year-old human = about a 2-year-old dog
  • After that, every 5 human years = 1 dog year

So a 50-year-old person would be the equivalent of a 9-year-old dog.

How Old Is My Dog?

Want a more exact estimate? Ask your veterinarian during your dog’s next checkup. Some vets have dog age calculators that use breed-specific aging curves to give you a more precise estimate. Knowing your dog’s actual age in human years may help you meet their changing needs at every life stage. But remember: age is more than a number. Your dog’s behavior, mobility and health status may offer more insight into how they’re aging than any math formula.

How Old Is My Dog in Dog Years?

If you’ve adopted a dog and don’t know their exact age, your vet can estimate based on the dog’s tooth condition, coat and skin health, eye clarity and muscle tone. These clues can help determine your dog’s age to inform care decisions.

As dogs mature, they have increased risk factors for age-related health issues like abnormal cell growth, arthritis and cognitive decline. If your senior dog is slowing down, it may be a good time to adjust their routine. The good news is that dogs are generally living longer thanks to advances in nutrition, vaccines and preventive health care for pets, which includes regular vet visits, weight checks and diet updates.

How Do Dog Years Work?

In short, they don’t work the same for every dog. The dog years to human years math depends on the dog’s size, breed, genetics and lifestyle. Dog breeds age differently; that’s why comparing a Labrador retriever to a toy poodle doesn’t make sense on a one-size-fits-all scale.

While some researchers have studied DNA “clocks” to better understand dog-to-human aging, most veterinarians still rely on well-established methods involving a dog’s life stage, weight and breed-specific aging.

Instead of a Dog’s Age, Focus on Their Life Stage

Veterinarians will often use life stages for managing pet health and well-being, rather than trying to equate dog age to human age. The American Animal Hospital Association has identified five life stages for dogs as part of their guidelines for wellness care: puppy, young adult, mature adult, senior and end of life. These life stages don’t start and stop abruptly, they gradually phase in and out. For example, a dog isn’t considered a mature adult as soon as they turn five.

No matter how you do the math, what matters most is keeping your dog active, healthy and happy through every stage of life. So, next time you celebrate your pup’s birthday, you can confidently say they’re 24 going on 39, or just that they are always young at heart!

Can My Dog Eat That? Mushrooms

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A close-up of several portobello mushrooms showing their dark brown color and textured surface.

Welcome to “Can My Dog Eat That?,” our series that answers some obvious (and not-so-obvious) questions about what your dog can and can’t safely eat. You can view some of the previous foods we’ve looked at in our “Can my dog eat that?” guide. Today we answer the question “Can dogs eat mushrooms?” Read on!

One of the best things about hiking with your dog is that they’re not just exercising their body: all the new sights and smells mean they get to exercise their brain, too. However, sometimes that curious nose can get dogs into trouble — like when they come across mushrooms growing in the wild. Let’s go over why mushroom poisoning is a serious risk when dogs eat wild mushrooms, and whether store-bought mushrooms are safe for dogs to eat.

Are Mushrooms Bad for Dogs?

Whether you can feed mushrooms to your dog depends on the mushroom. Store-bought mushrooms are generally safe for dogs. Wild mushrooms are the ones your dog should always avoid due to the risk of mushroom poisoning, which can be fatal. Not all of them are dangerous, but because toxic wild mushrooms can be hard to identify, it’s best not to let your dog eat any mushrooms that grow in your backyard or anywhere else.

Are Wild Mushrooms Poisonous to Dogs?

Although many wild mushrooms aren’t toxic, some common species can be incredibly poisonous and even deadly if eaten by dogs. For example, as little as half of a fresh “death cap” mushroom (Amanita phalloides) can be fatal to an adult dog. To be safe, you should never feed wild mushrooms to your dog or let them eat them. Some of the toxic mushrooms include:

  • Death cap (Amanita phalloides)
  • Death angel or destroying angel (Amanita bisporigera)
  • Jeweled death cap (Amanita gemmata)
  • Fly agaric (Amanita muscaria)
  • False morel (Gyromitra esculenta)
  • False parasol (Chlorophyllum molybdites)
  • Funeral bell, deadly galerina, deadly skullcap or autumn skullcap (Galerina marginata)
  • Ivory funnel or sweating mushroom (Clitocybe dealbata)
  • White fibercap or lilac fibercap (Inocybe species)

What to Do if Dogs Eat Wild Mushrooms

Mushroom poisoning is a veterinary emergency. If you suspect or know that your dog has eaten a wild mushroom, you should call your veterinarian, animal poison control or an emergency veterinary hospital immediately. It can be difficult to tell the difference between a poisonous mushroom and a safe mushroom. Don’t waste time trying to determine if it’s toxic or not — take a sample of the mushroom (if possible) and bring it with you in a paper bag for the veterinarian to examine.

Signs of Mushroom Poisoning in Dogs

The symptoms of mushroom poisoning depend on the species of mushroom, as different species contain different toxins. Some of the signs to look for in dogs include:

  • Vomiting
  • Diarrhea
  • Tremors
  • Trouble walking
  • Seizures
  • Increased drooling
  • Weakness
  • Abdominal pain
  • Liver failure
  • Jaundice

Treatment depends on the mushroom species, how long ago it was eaten, the symptoms the dog is experiencing and whether the dog has any underlying medical conditions. Unfortunately, ingesting a toxic mushroom can be fatal for dogs, which is why it’s important to act quickly, even if you’re not sure your dog ate the mushroom or if it was toxic.

Can Dogs Eat Portobello Mushrooms and Other Store-Bought Mushrooms?

Yes, the mushrooms that are sold in stores can be eaten by most dogs. Always check with your veterinarian before feeding new foods, but in general, dogs can safely eat mushrooms grown for human consumption. This includes:

  • White button
  • Cremini (chestnut mushrooms)
  • Portobello
  • Baby bella
  • Oyster
  • Shiitake
  • Enoki
  • King trumpet
  • Lion’s mane
  • Maitake
  • Dried porcini

Can Dogs Eat Cooked Mushrooms?

Dogs can eat mushrooms bought from the store and cooked, but cooking most poisonous mushrooms won’t make them less toxic. If you’re making cooked mushrooms for yourself and are considering sharing them with your dog, make sure you only feed them plain mushrooms without any seasonings (e.g., butter, oil, salt) or toppings that are toxic to dogs (e.g., onions and garlic). Be sure to wash edible mushrooms first, and cut them up into bite-sized pieces.

Can Dogs Eat Mushrooms?

Dogs can eat the mushrooms grown for people to eat, but only if they’re served plain. Because many mushrooms (toxic and nontoxic) can look alike, if you spot wild mushrooms growing in your yard, it’s important to remove them immediately. Pet owners can also help prevent mushroom poisoning by keeping their dog on a leash when hiking, especially in areas where mushrooms may grow.

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